Why Do Women Have Longer Lives Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What is the reason women live more than men do today and how has this advantage increased in the past? We only have a few clues and the evidence isn't sufficient to draw an absolute conclusion. We know that behavioral, biological and environmental factors all play a role in the fact that women are healthier than men; However, we're not sure what the contribution of each one of these factors is.

In spite of the precise amount, we can say that at a minimum, the reason women live longer than men do today however not as in the past, is to relate to the fact that certain fundamental non-biological factors have changed. What are the factors that are changing? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complex. For افضل كريم للشعر example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. It is clear that all countries are over the diagonal line of parity. This means that a newborn girl from every country could anticipate to live longer than her older brother.

Interestingly, this chart shows that, افضل كريم للشعر [click this over here now] while the advantage for women is present everywhere, difference between countries is huge. In Russia women live for 10 years longer than males. In Bhutan the difference is just half a year.

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The female advantage in life expectancy was smaller in the richer countries that it is today.
Let's examine how the female longevity advantage has changed over time. The chart below illustrates the male and female life expectancy at birth in the US from 1790-2014. Two specific points stand out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. Both men and women in the US have a much longer life span longer today than a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is growing: Although the female advantage in life expectancy was extremely small It has significantly increased in the past.

If you select the option "Change country from the chart, you can check that these two points are also applicable to the other countries having available data: Sweden, France and the UK.