Why Are Women Living Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live so more than men do today and افضل شامبو وبلسم why has this advantage increased in the past? There is only limited evidence and the evidence is not sufficient to reach an informed conclusion. We recognize that biological, behavioral and environmental factors play a role in the fact that women live longer than men; however, we aren't sure what the contribution to each of these variables is.

In spite of the amount, we can say that at a minimum, the reason women live longer than men today however not as in the past, is to do with the fact that certain fundamental non-biological factors have changed. These factors are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, افضل شامبو وبلسم especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. As we can see, every country is above the diagonal parity line , it means that in all nations that a baby girl can be expected to live longer than a new boy.1

This graph shows that while there is a female advantage in all countries, the differences across countries can be significant. In Russia women live 10 years longer than men. In Bhutan there is a difference of less that half a year.

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In countries with high incomes, the female advantage in longevity was previously smaller.
Let's take a look at how the female longevity advantage has changed over time. The following chart shows male and female life expectancy when they were born in the US during the time period between 1790 and 2014. Two aspects stand out.

First, there is an upward trend. Women and men in America live longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

And second, there is a widening gap: The female advantage in life expectancy used be extremely small however, it has increased significantly over the course of the last century.

You can confirm that these points are also applicable to other countries that have data by clicking the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.