Why Are Women Living Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason women are more likely to live longer than men? And how has this advantage gotten larger over time? There isn't much evidence and we're only able to provide limited answers. We know that behavioral, biological and environmental factors contribute to the fact that women have longer life spans than men, علامات الحمل بولد however, we do not know how much the influence of each one of these factors is.

We are aware that women are living longer than men, regardless of their weight. But this isn't due to the fact that certain non-biological factors have changed. What are these changing factors? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are other issues that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for علامات الحمل بولد (glorynote.com) men and women. As you can see, all countries are above the diagonal parity line ; which means that in every country the newborn girl is likely to live longer than a new boy.1

This graph shows that although there is a women's advantage across all countries, differences between countries can be substantial. In Russia, women live for 10 years longer than males. In Bhutan, the difference is less than half a calendar year.

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In rich countries the female advantage in longevity was previously smaller.
Let's look at how female longevity advantage has changed over time. The next chart shows the life expectancy of males and females at birth in the US between 1790 and 2014. Two areas stand out.

There is an upward trend. Women and men in the United States live longer than they were a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, the gap is growing: Although the advantage of women in terms of life expectancy was quite small, it has increased substantially in the past.

Using the option 'Change country' on the chart, you will be able to check that these two points are also applicable to the other countries with available data: Sweden, France and the UK.