Why Do Women Have Longer Lives Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the main reason women are more likely to live longer than men? What is the reason does this benefit increase as time passes? The evidence isn't conclusive and اضيق وضعية للجماع we have only incomplete solutions. While we are aware that there are biological, behavioral and environmental factors that all play a role in women living longer than men, we don't know how much each factor contributes.

Independently of the exact amount of weight, we are aware that at least a portion of the reason why women live longer than men do today but not previously, has to have to do with the fact that some significant non-biological elements have changed. These are the factors that are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Other are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that all countries are above the diagonal line of parity. This implies that a baby girl from every country could expect to live longer than her brother.

Interestingly, this chart shows that although the female advantage exists everywhere, the difference between countries is huge. In Russia women have an average of 10 years more than males; while in Bhutan the gap is just half each year.

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In the richer countries, the female advantage in longevity was previously smaller.
Let's now look at the way that female advantages in life expectancy has changed over time. The chart below illustrates the gender-based and female-specific life expectancy at birth in the US from 1790 to 2014. Two areas stand out.

First, اضيق وضعية للجماع there's an upward trend. Both men and women in the US are living much, much longer today than a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is growing: Although the advantage of women in life expectancy was once extremely small but it has risen significantly over time.

You can check if these are applicable to other countries that have data by clicking the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.